Robert and the Pope

In this podcast Dr Michael Brown of the University of St Andrews looks at the Declaration of Arbroath. The Declaration took the form of a letter from Robert the Bruce to Pope John XXII in 1320, it's purpose was to confirm Scotland's status as an independent, sovereign state. What was the significance of the letter and why is it still remembered now?

1. Introduction
2. The excommunication of Robert the Bruce.
3. Bruce's vulnerability after Bannockburn.
4. What does the Declaration actually say? Mythical origins.
5. Justifying Bruce as King of Scotland and a challenge to the Pope.
6. The significance of the Declaration through the ages.
7. Conclusion.

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